The soil is a duplex soil type known as hard red duplex soils and these soils are probably the most important agricultural soils in the State. The subsurface soil consists of hard-setting loamy soil ranging from grey to brown to reddish brown. The boundary to the under-lying red-brown friable clay of the subsoil is usually abrupt. Previously known as red-brown earths, the hard red duplex soils are suitable for a wide range of cereal and horticultural crops. Surface soils are typically acid, but may be neutral to slightly alkaline. They are moderately permeable and have responded well to fertiliser applications. The thick clay loam topsoil reaches a depth of 40cm, over a non-restrictive clay subsoil. The potential root zone depth is 90cm. Permanent sward is encouraged to improve soil health and limit erosion from water run-off. The rich soils with a northerly aspect coupled with cooler temperatures and good rainfall all come together to produce a vineyard of exceptional potential. Careful management of the vines during the growing season results in fruit of exceptional quality.